专题28+法律常识、法律意识及社会进步-2024年高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过

话题二十八法律常识、法律意识及社会进步第一部分话题词汇积累单词&短语1.opponentn.________________2.optionaladj.________________3.accidentn.________________4.organicadj.________________5.outcomen.________________6.casen.________________7.outputn.________________8.overalladj.________________9.overlookvt.________________10.overseasadv._________________11.packagen.________________12.paraden.________________13.paralleladj.________________14.patternn.________________15.pausen.&v.________________16.peakn.________________17.pedestriann.________________18.permanentadj.________________19.personneln.________________20.pessimisticadj.________________21.lawn.________________22.________________adj.普通的；平常的；一般的；平凡的23._________________n.组织；固体；机构24._________________adj.原料的；最早的；最初的；原创的25.________________adv.否则；以另外的方式26.________________adv.在/往户外；在野外27.________________adj.外向的；爱交际的，友好的28._________________adj.杰出的；突出的；优秀的29.________________vt.战胜；克服；解决30.________________n.乘客；旅客31._________________n.激情；热爱；强烈情感32.________________adj.消极的；被动的33.________________n.病人adj.有耐心的；能忍耐的34.________________n.表演；演出；表现35.________________n.个性；人格；性格36.________________n.现象37.________________n.物理学38.________________n.钢琴家39.__________--____________--_____________--___________v.(原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词)(使)恐慌40.__________--____________--_____________v.(原形、过去式、过去分词)许可；准许41.____________________________为某人做手术42.____________________________征询某人的意见43.____________________________抓住机会做某事44.____________________________opposedoingsth./beopposedtodoingsth.45.____________________________向反方向46.____________________________对生活积极乐观47.placeanorderforacoat_____________________________48.otherthan_____________________________49.owesb.anapology/oweanapologytosb.____________________________50.keeppacewith...____________________________51.takepainstodosth.____________________________52.在……中起重要作用____________________________53.对某事讲究/挑剔____________________________54.尤其；特别____________________________55..拜访某人____________________________56.还清欠债；得到回报____________________________57.未经许可____________________________58.亲自；亲身____________________________59.说服某人做某事____________________________60.给某人拍照____________________________词汇拓展1.optionn.可选择的事物；选择；选择权；选择的自由；选修课；(未来的)买卖选择权Thisparticularmodelcomeswithawiderangeof_____________这种型号的货品有很多选择。Several____________areofferedforthestudents'senioryear.为毕业班学生开设了几门选修课。Iamkeepingmy____________open.Ihavenotmadeadecisiononeithermatter.我保留选择权，这两件事我都还没有作出决定。【辨异】option,choice,alternative,selection的区别choice指普通意义上的选择。可指以任何方式进行的选择，着重自由选择，也可指被选中的人或物。option指的是某个特定情境下众多选择中的一个。着重特别给予的选择权利或权力，所选物常相互排斥。alternative通常指的是可用于替代现有事物的另一个选择。selection通常指的是经过精心挑选出来的，比较出色的人或事物。Welefttheselectionoftheteamtothecaptain.我们把挑选队员的工作交给了队长。Atlunchtime,there'sachoicebetweenthebuffetandthesetmenu.午餐可以选自助餐，也可以选套餐。Itisreallyveryhardformetomakemyoptionbetweenthesealternatives.让我在这两个选择中作出选择真的非常难。Aftergraduation,shehasthealternativeofeitherbeingemployedinacompanyoroftakingonacareerofherown.毕业后她可以选择受雇于一家公司或者自己创业。2.payoff偿清，还清(债务);还清欠……的钱；用钱打发；成功；赢利To____________thedebts,Iworkedhardfortenyears.为了还清债务，我辛苦工作了十年。Ibelievethathardworkanddeterminationareboundto_____________我相信勤奋和决心一定会得到回报。Hewasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandhispersistence____________他决心成为医生，他的坚持取得了成功。【联想】payavisitto参观……payback偿还；报复payfor支付payattentionto注意……活学活用一、阅读下列句子，在空自处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.I____________(panic)whenIsawsmokecomingoutoftheengine.2.Ithinkwe'regoingtohavetoplaceanorder____________new-modelchipsaheadofschedule.3.Whilehomeschoolingoffers____________alternativetotheschoolenvironment,ithasbecomeacontroversialissue.4.Noreferencebooksaretobetakenoutofthereadingroomwithout____________(permit).5.Atfirstshetriedtopersuadeotherstodothefilm,butfinallyshewaspersuadedbyherfriends____________(do)itherself.二、翻译句子1.如果时间允许的话，你们可以参观一下杭州的一些名胜古迹。(payavisit)____________________________________________________________________________2.在赢得一场比赛中，心理因素常常起着重要作用。(playapart)____________________________________________________________________________3.如果是这样的话，除了向你说声对不起，我已经不知道该做些什么了。(otherthan)____________________________________________________________________________4.不要太讲究吃穿，多注重学习和工作。(particular)____________________________________________________________________________参考答案单词&短语1.对手；反对者2.可选择的3.事故，意外的事4.器官的；有机的5.结果；成果6.案例7.产量；输出(量)8.全部的；全面的9.俯瞰；忽略10.在国外；向海外11.包裹；包12.游行；阅兵式13.平行的14.模式；图案15.中断；暂停16.山峰；高峰17.行人；步行者18.永久的；长久的19.全体人员20.悲观的21.法律22.ordinary23.organization/organisation24.original25.otherwise26.outdoors27.outgoing28.outstanding29.overcome30.passenger31.passion32.passive33.patient34.performance35.personality36.phenomenon37.physics38.pianist39.panic—panicked—panicked—panicking40.permit—permitted—permitted41.operateonsb./performanoperationonsb.42.askfor/seeksb.'sopinion43.grasp/seize/taketheopportunitytodosth.44.反对做某事45.intheoppositedirection46.beoptimisticaboutlife47.订购一件大衣48.除……以外49.应向某人道歉50.与……步调一致51.努力做某事52.playanimportantpartin...53.beparticularabout/oversth.54.inparticular55.payavisittosb./paysb.avisit56.payoff57.withoutper-mission58.inperson59.persuadesb.todosth./persuade