2024 年甘肃省高三月考试卷(4 月)物理答案

2024-04-20 · 3页 · 250.2 K

2024甘肃省三月考(4月)物理参考答案及评分参考一、单项选择题1.A2.C3.A4.B5.D6.D7.C二、多项选择题8.BC9.ACD10.AC三、非选择题.(分)()LLh+(分)(分)()(分)1161T=π(+)29.8622AC2gg12.(9分)(1)2.9(2分)2.3(2分)(2)增大(2分)0.48(3分)13.(12分)(1)T=295K(2)P0=77.5cmHgV++SlVSl解析:(1)由等压变化12=..................................................................(4分)273+tT1解得T=295K................................................................................................................(2分)(2)由等温变化(P0+h)(V+Sl1)=(P0+h+∆h)(V+Sl2)................................................(4分)解得P0=77.5cmHg.......................................................................................................(2分)214.(14分)(1)Ep=2.5J(2)v=15m/sm3解析:(1)由静止释放石块瞬间,因滑块m恰好不上滑,故有kx1=mgsinθµ+mgcosθ............................................................................................(3分)1.............................................................................................(1分)E=kx2p21联立解得x1=0.5m,Ep=2.5J..........................................................................................(2分)(2)石块的速度最大时滑块速度也最大,且加速度为零,由力的平衡条件知Mg=++kx2mgsinθµmgcosθ..........................................................................................(2分)高三月考物理答案第1页(共3页){#{QQABJQYAggAAQIIAARgCQQGSCAIQkBCCCKoGxBAMIAABCAFABAA=}#}解得x2=0.5m.........................................................................................................(1分)设石块的最大速度为vm,因初末状态弹簧的弹性势能相等,.................................(1分)根据能量守恒定律有1Mgxxmgxx()()+−+sinθµ−mgcosθ()xx+=()mMv+2............................(3分)1212122m2解得v=15m/s....................................................................................................(1分)m315.(16分)(1)F安=0.8A,方向:沿斜面向下(2)a=1m/s2(3)P=1.5w解析:(1)金属棒在框架上无摩擦地运动,设刚进入磁场的速度为v0,根据动能定理得1mgdsinθ=mv2−0................................................................................................(1分)20解得v0=3m/s............................................................................................................(1分)进入磁场后,根据法拉第电磁感应定律E=BLv0...................................................(1分)E根据闭合电路欧姆定律I=,解得I=2A.......................................................(1分)R电流方向:由N流向M。框架MN边受到的安培力大小为F安=BIL=0.8N.................................................(1分)方向:沿斜面向下..........................................................................................................(1分)(2)设框架的加速度为a,根据牛顿第二定律,得Mgsinθ+F安−=fMa............................................................................................(2分).........................................................................................(2分)f=+°µ(Mmg)cos37代入数据解得a=1m/s2...............................................................................................(1分)(3)因金属棒和框架整体的重力沿斜面向下的分力与斜面对框架的摩擦力平衡,故高三月考物理答案第2页(共3页){#{QQABJQYAggAAQIIAARgCQQGSCAIQkBCCCKoGxBAMIAABCAFABAA=}#}金属棒和框架整体沿斜面方向动量守恒,最终金属棒ab与框架分别以v1、v2的速度做匀速运动mv012=mv+Mv......................................................................................................(1分)此时回路的电动势为E'(=BLv12−v)...................................................................(1分)E'电流I'=R金属棒ab匀速运动mgsinθ−=BI'L0.............................................................(1分)联立解得v1=2.5m/s,v2=0.25m/s.....................................................................(1分)金属棒ab重力的功率P=mgv1sinθ=1.5w.......................................................(1分)高三月考物理答案第3页(共3页){#{QQABJQYAggAAQIIAARgCQQGSCAIQkBCCCKoGxBAMIAABCAFABAA=}#}

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