专题04动词和动词短语〖2023年高考真题〗1.(2023年新高考I卷完形填空)Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughherracewhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She____25____tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.25.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised【答案】C【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。A.agreed同意;B.returned回来;C.stopped停止;D.promised答应。根据下文“tohelpherfellowrunner”可知,她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。故选C。(2023年新高考II卷)Asalittlegirl,I________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.【答案】wished【详解】考查动词。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。3.(新高考II卷完形填空)Itjust___44___thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who___45___totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato___46___Tiffy.44.A.appeared B.proved C.happened D.showed45.A.waited B.offered C.hurried D.failed46.A.seeoff B.lookfor C.handover D.pickup【答案】44.C45.B46.D【详解】【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行,他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.appeared出现;B.proved证明;C.happened碰巧;D.showed展示。根据“IwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,”可知,碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行,他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.waited等待;B.offered提供、主动提出;C.hurried匆忙;D.failed失败。根据“totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知,Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。【46题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A.seeoff为……送行;B.lookfor寻找;C.handover移交;D.pickup接载。根据“WhatIwastodowasflytoTopeka”和常识可知,作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。4.(2023年浙江卷1月完形填空)I44beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.Ziyadbeganpreparations.He45handfulsofdamptreeleaves,wrappedthemwithstring,and46thebunchtocreateatorch(火把).Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbegan47.Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovetheropehigherupthetreetrunk.44.A.searched B.recognised C.followed D.invited45.A.gathered B.cleaned C.dropped D.checked46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated47.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing【答案】45.A46.B47.D【解析】45.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶,用细绳把它们包裹起来,最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.gathered聚集、采集;B.cleaned清除;C.dropped掉落;D.checked检查。根据下文“handfulsofdamptreeleaves”可知,此处指Ziyad从丛林各处,收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶,用线把它们包裹起来,最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.shook摇晃;B.lit点燃;点亮;C.measured测量;D.decorated装饰。根据后文“tocreateatorch”可知,此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。47.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,将绳子的一头拴在腰间,另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A.jumping跳;B.talking谈话;C.testing测试;D.climbing攀爬。根据“higherupthetreetrunk”可知,Ziyad要向上爬到树顶,才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。5.(2023年全国乙卷完型填空)TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe____21____best.Shehadto___22___herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosaygoodbyetohertwodogsandtothebeach,whereshelovedto____24____wavesonherboard.Butitwastimetotaketheleap(飞跃),howeverheartbreakingitwouldbe.Evenat14,Douglasknewthat.Soshewentoffabout1,200milesawayfromhome,totrainwithacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever____29____andeverythingwasnewtoher.21.A.tried B.thought C.judged D.knew22.A.takeup B.packup C.cleanup D.doup24.A.cause B.observe C.ride D.strike29.A.met B.helped C.understood D.needed【答案】21.D22.B24.C29.A【解析】【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军,GabbyDouglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。A.tried尝试;B.thought思考;C.judged判断;D.knew知道;熟悉,了解。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent,GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“1,200milesawayfromhome”可知,为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军,GabbyDouglas放弃她最熟悉的一切,来到一个陌生的地方,故选D。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A.takeup从事;B.packup整理;收拾行李;C.cleanup清理;D.doup装修。由上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“herbedroominVirginia”可知,整理好她的卧室,准备离开这里,故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.cause引起;B.observe观察;C.ride骑;漂浮;D.strike打击。由下文“wavesonherboard.”可知,此处表示冲浪,ridethewaves意为“冲浪”,故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起,一切对她来说都是全新的。A.met遇到;见过;B.helped帮助;C.understood理解;D.needed需要。由下文“everythingwasnewtoher.”可知,一切对她来说都是全新的,所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起,故选A。6.(2023年全国甲卷完型填空)Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirsttimewe___21___there,weheardthechugchug-chugofamotorbike___22___itswaydownthehilltowardus.21.A.waited B.met C.camped D.stayed22.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling【答案】21.D22.A【解析】【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们第一次住在那里的时候,我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A.waited等待;B.met遇见;C.camped露营;D.stayed暂住。根据前文“Manyyearsago,IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana,wherewestillgoeverysummer.”可知,作者在当地买了房子,所以是第一次住在那里。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们第一次住在那里的时候,我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。A.making使;让;B.searching搜索;C.squeezing挤压;D.feeling感觉。根据后文“comingto 4 usaboxcontainingsometormatoesandabottleofwine.”可知,摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的,所以makeone’sway复合语境,为固定搭配,意为“前往”。故选A项。7.(2023年全国甲卷)Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill____50____(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.【答案】beemployed【解析】考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式,已经代代相传,今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语asimplelyricform与employ之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填beemployed。8.(2023年全国乙卷)Theremarkabledevelopmentofthiscity,whichisconscious
五年(2018-2023)高考英语真题专题04 动词和动词短语(教师版含解析)2018-2023年高
2023-11-19
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