专题15 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“标题概括1”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二

2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】专题15阅读理解“标题概括1(记叙文选标)”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）原卷版【近年高考考情】1.（2023▪新高考II卷▪B篇）27题2.（2021▪浙江卷▪B篇）27题3.（2020▪北京卷▪C篇）41题4.（2018▪全国I卷▪B篇）27题【实用解题妙招】 一、设问方式1.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?2.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?3.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?二、记叙文标题三大特点1.概括性：语言高度凝练而形式简短2.针对性：标题外延与文章内容相符3.醒目性：能够激发读者的阅读欲望三、记叙文选标题三大方法1.主题句法记叙文一般没有明显的主题句，需要根据文中叙述的内容和线索来概括文章大意，但是如果文章末段出现说理性的句子，则这个句子为主题句。2.关键词法全文中无明显主题句时，我们可以利用文章中的关键词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即关键词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。3.逆向思维法在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，逐一排除，缩小范围，接近的即为正确选项。三、记叙文选标题三大策略1.正面肯定法在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨。2.反面否定法撇开原文，拿各个备选项去尝试用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文对照，一一排除荒谬者。3.排除干扰法研究干扰项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、新奇性、概括力等。文章的标题应该新颖奇特，易激发读者的好奇心，吸引读者注意力。【高考真题再练】 1.（2023▪新高考II卷▪B篇）27题Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker. B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant. D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.25.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A.Thekids’parentsdistrustedher. B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork. D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching. B.Predictable.C.Short-lived. D.Unidentifiable.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingSchoolGardens B.ExperiencingCountryLifeC.GrowingVegetableLovers D.ChangingLocalLandscape2.（2021▪浙江卷▪B篇）27题Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwoparkslessthan10minutes’walkfromhomewhereneighbourhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today’schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsago,film-makerDavidBondrealisedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosaychocolateintohisthree-year-oldson’searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealisedthatsomethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimselfmarketingdirectorforNature.Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWildNetworkagroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.Justfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,DavidBondsays.Thereisalotofreallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheageofseven,thenbeingoutdoorswillbeahabitforlife.Hisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingoutsidenow:Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinforawhile.Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuchastheyneedit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.24.Whatistheproblemwiththeauthor’schildren?A.Theyoftenannoytheneighbours. B.Theyaretiredofdoingtheirhomework.C.Theyhavenofriendstoplaywith. D.Theystayinfrontofscreensfortoolong.25.HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?A.Bymakingadocumentaryfilm. B.Byorganizingoutdooractivities.C.ByadvertisinginLondonmedia. D.Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.26.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordchartsinparagraph2A.records B.predicts C.delays D.confirms27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LetChildrenHaveFun B.YoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTimeC.MarketNaturetoChildren D.DavidBond:ARoleModelforChildren3.（2020▪北京卷▪C篇）41题Forthepastfiveyears,PaulaSmith,ahistorianofscience,hasdevotedherselftore-creatinglong-forgottentec