2023届山东省高考考向核心卷英语试题新高考卷

2023届高考英语考向核心卷新高考注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AThreeExercisestoMakeBreathingEasierIfyoulacklungpowerandfeelalittleexhaustedevenafterashortjogging,thefollowingexercisescanbeofgreathelp.UseYourDiaphragm(横膈膜)Yourdiaphragmisthemusclethatcontrolsbreathing,andbecauseitislocatedrightaboveyourstomach,youcanstrengthenthemtogether.Lieonyourbackwithyourkneesbent,keepingonehandonyourstomachandtheotheronyourchest.Breatheindeeply,slowlypullingtheairintoyourlungs.Breatheoutthroughyourmouth.Trytowaitsevensecondsbeforetakinginairagain.ImagineYouAreRowingaBoatThisexercisestrengthenstheupperbackmusclesandopensyourchestcavity(腔)allowingforfulllungability.Sitonthefloorwithyourlegsinfrontofyouandkneesslightlybent.PutaresistancebandaroundthebottomsofyourfeetandholditinfrontofyouinanXshape.Holdinganendineachhand,spreadyourarms,thenpullbackwarduntilyourhandsmeetyourchest.Repeatatleastsixtimesthreedaysaweek.Walkfor20MinutesWalkingdoesn'tjustgetyourheartpumpingorworkyourlegmuscles—italsobuildsuptheareaaroundyourlungstohelpthemfunctionbetter.Togetthemostoutofyourwalk,standstraight,withyourheadupandyourshouldersback,andkeepaheel-to-toepace,allowingyourlungstofullyexpand.Combinewalkingwithdeepbreathingtoincreaseyourairintake.Workuptowalkingthreeorfourdaysaweek.Nomatterwhichexerciseyoupickup,keepthisinmind:Chancesarethatitwilltakeyouseveralmonthstoseetheoutcome.Sokeepitup!1.Whatshouldyouobeyifyouarestrengtheningyourdiaphragm?A.Youshouldlieonyourstomachwithyourkneesbent.B.Youshouldholdyourbreathbeforebreathinginagain.C.Youshoulddoitseventimesaweektogetabestresult.D.Youshoulddoitbybreathinginmerelywithyourmouth.2.Howcanyoutakeinmoreair?A.Bykeepingonrowingaboatregularly.B.Byopeningyourchestcavitymoreoften.C.Byintegratingwalkingwithdeepbreathing.D.Byallowingyourlungstoexpandtothefullest.3.Whatdothethreeexerciseshaveincommon?A.Theyallneedsomeextraassistance.B.Theyallinvolveusingyourbothfeet.C.Theyallrequireyoutostandstraight.D.Theyallcallforconstantlypracticing.BIstartedpowerliftingwhenIwas65.IworkedinrealestateinMichiganforabout35years,andwhenIretiredIdecidedtoloseabitofweight.Afriend'shusband,ArtLittle,whoisapersonaltrainer,invitedmetohisgym.Heintroducedmetopowerliftingandheisstillmytrainernow.ThefirsttimeIwent,hegavemeabroomsticktolift.ThenextdayItoldmyselfIwouldn'treturn,butIheardavoiceinmyheadtellingmetogoback.So,Iendedupreturningdayafterday.Afterafewweeks,mytrainerencouragedmetogotoatournamenttowatchotherscompete.Iwasreallyamazed,buttherewasnooneofmyage.IaskedmytrainerifhethoughtIcoulddoit,andhesaid,Oh,sure.ThefirsttimeIcompetedwasatastatemeet.IwasamazedthatIwon,becausetheothershadbeendoingitfarlonger.Ijustcameinaftertwomonths'practiceanddefeatedthemall.Afterthat,Iknewpowerliftingwasforme.Mytrainerhadmegoingtothegymthreetimesaweek.IimprovedsoquicklybecauseIwasconsistent.IfIwassupposedtobethereonMonday,Iwouldbethere,regardlessofwhetheritwasaholiday,orrainyorsnowyday.Ididn'tmissaday—andthat'showI'muptotheweightI'mliftingnow,althoughthegainshappenedslowly.Eachyear,Iwasgettingbetter.I'm79nowandItellpeopleofmyagethattheycandothis,too;theyjusthavetobeconsistentandstartwithsomethingsmall.4.Whydidtheauthorgobacktothegym?A.Shefeltashamedofherbehavior.B.Thetrainerpersuadedhertogoback.C.Thebroomstickwaseasyforhertolift.D.Theinnerpowerfromherheartmadehertogoon.5.Whatwasbeyondtheauthor'sexpectations?A.Shecouldgotothegymandpractice.B.Shehadawininthecompetition.C.Shegainedconfidencefromthetrainer.D.Shewastheoldestoneinthecompetition.6.Whichofthefollowingwordscoulddescribetheauthor?A.Diligentandcurious. B.Determinedandsmart.C.Hard-workingandhumorous. D.Persistentanddevoted.7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Nopains,nogains. B.Betterlatethannever.C.Alittlelabor,muchhealth. D.Dothingsconsistently.CHaveyoueverlookedatasealandthoughtIsthatthesamesealIsawyesterday?Well,therecouldsoonbeanappforthat.Takinginspirationfromothertechnologyadaptedforrecognizingprimates(灵长目动物)andbears,KristaIngram,abiologistatColgateUniversity,developedSealNet,thesoftwarethatusesdeeplearningandaconvolutionalneuralnetwork(卷积神经网络)totellonesealfacefromanother.Theteamhadtotraintheirsoftwaretoidentifysealfaces.Igiveitaphotograph,itfindstheface,andclipsittoastandardsize,saysIngram.Theytestedthesoftwareusing406differentsealsandfoundthatSealNetcouldcorrectlyidentifytheseals'faces85percentofthetime.Theteamhassinceexpandeditsdatabasetoincludearound1,500sealfaces.Asthenumberofsealsloggedinthedatabasegoesup,sodoestheaccuracyoftheidentification,Ingramsays.Aswithalltech,however,SealNetisnotalwaysinfallible.Thesoftwaresawsealfacesinotherbodyparts,vegetation,andevenrocks.Inonecase,Ingramandherstudentsdidadoubletakeattheuncanny(不可思议的)resemblancebetweenarockandasealface.Ingrampointstositefidelity(忠诚)asanaspectofsealbeh