2024年新高考英语二轮复习【培优小题狂练】专题15阅读理解“标题概括1(记叙文选标)”题(考情+技法+真题+模拟)解析版【近年高考考情】1.(2023▪新高考II卷▪B篇)27题2.(2021▪浙江卷▪B篇)27题3.(2020▪北京卷▪C篇)41题4.(2018▪全国I卷▪B篇)27题【实用解题妙招】 一、设问方式1.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?2.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?3.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?二、记叙文标题三大特点1.概括性:语言高度凝练而形式简短2.针对性:标题外延与文章内容相符3.醒目性:能够激发读者的阅读欲望三、记叙文选标题三大方法1.主题句法记叙文一般没有明显的主题句,需要根据文中叙述的内容和线索来概括文章大意,但是如果文章末段出现说理性的句子,则这个句子为主题句。2.关键词法全文中无明显主题句时,我们可以利用文章中的关键词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的,因此,有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词,即关键词,也叫做主题词。抓住了它,便容易抓住文章的中心。3.逆向思维法在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时,试着从选项出发,想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容,然后把它与文章的内容比较,逐一排除,缩小范围,接近的即为正确选项。三、记叙文选标题三大策略1.正面肯定法在理解文章主旨的基础上,揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨。2.反面否定法撇开原文,拿各个备选项去尝试用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容,然后和原文对照,一一排除荒谬者。3.排除干扰法研究干扰项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、新奇性、概括力等。文章的标题应该新颖奇特,易激发读者的好奇心,吸引读者注意力。【高考真题再练】 1.(2023▪新高考II卷▪B篇)27题Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker. B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant. D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.25.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A.Thekids’parentsdistrustedher. B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork. D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching. B.Predictable.C.Short-lived. D.Unidentifiable.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingSchoolGardens B.ExperiencingCountryLifeC.GrowingVegetableLovers D.ChangingLocalLandscape【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力,环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花园项目,让学生通过体验乡村生活,对学生影响深远。24.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.(起初是这样的,艾比·哈拉米洛说,她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知,艾比·哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts的发起者。故选D。25.推理判断题。根据第二段的“shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.(她说。“他们来找我们,认为蔬菜很可怕,泥土很可怕,昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫,对泥土感到厌烦,但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知,项目之初,一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。26.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”(她补充说,该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣,他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外,在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用,他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去,”她说,“他们觉得成功。”)”可知,这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物,而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园,对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用,从而推知,该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。27.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.(起初是这样的,艾比·哈拉米洛说,她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知,文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力,环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花园项目,让学生体验乡村生活,对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意,最适合作为本文标题。故选B。2.(2021▪浙江卷▪B篇)27题Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwoparkslessthan10minutes’walkfromhomewhereneighbourhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today’schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsago,film-makerDavidBondrealisedthathischildr
专题15 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“标题概括1”题(考情+技法+真题+模拟)-2024年新高考英语二
2024-01-06
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